"We want the world and we want it now": Materialism, time perspectives and problem spending tendency of Chinese

The file attached to this record is the author's final peer reviewed version. The Publisher's final version can be found by following the DOI link.Chinese consumers' spending has been expanding rapidly in the past decade, and along with it household and credit card debt. The present research collected evidenced to triangulate the contention that materialism is positively related with Chinese's problem spending tendency (PST), and that present- and future-time perspectives interact systematically with materialism to affect PST. A survey of the general population in Macao, China (Study 1; N=239) confirmed that materialism was positively correlated with PST. An interaction between materialism and present-time-perspective intensified the relationship, whereas an interaction with future-time-perspective weakened the relationship. Another survey with a sample of university students (Study 2; N=223) again found positive relationships among PST, materialism, and present-time-perspective, as measured by temporal discount rate. Further exploration showed that PST was only related with temporal discounting among high materialists, but not among low materialists. Study 3 experimentally examined the causal effects of materialism and future-time-perspective on PST. When being primed of an orientation towards materialism (n=33), the participants' planned consumption doubled that of the control group (n=31). A future-time-perspective prime interacted with materialism prime and put a "damper" on participants' planned spending (n=29), compared to their counterparts who were not primed of such a time perspective